2015年1月21日星期三

Tea culture

   Tea culture
Appearance of dried tea, mainly from the five sizes, namely the tenderness, cable, color, the whole broken and clarity:
1.嫩度
1. tenderness
嫩度是决定品质的基本因素,所谓干看外形,湿看叶底,就是指嫩度。一般嫩度好的茶叶,容易符合该茶类的外形要求(如龙井之光、扁、平、直)。此外,还可以从茶叶有无锋苗去鉴别。锋苗好,白毫显露,表示嫩度好,做工也好。如果原料嫩度差,做工再好,茶条也无锋苗和白毫。但是 不能仅从茸毛多少来判别嫩度,因各种茶的具体要求不一样,如极好的狮峰龙井是体表无茸毛的。再者,茸毛容易假冒,人工做上去的很多。芽叶嫩度以多茸毛做判断依据,只适合于毛峰、毛尖、银针等茸毛类茶。这里需要提到的是,最嫩的鲜叶,也得一芽一叶初展,片面采摘芽心的做法是不恰当的。因为芽心是生长不完善的部分,内含成份不全面,特别是叶绿素含量很低。所以不应单纯为了追求嫩度而只用芽心制茶。
Tenderness of the basic factors determining the quality of the so-called "dry look at appearance, see bottom of leaves wet" refers to tenderness. General tenderness good tea, easily meets the tea appearance requirements (such as Longjing "smoothness, flatness, straightness"). In addition, no tip from the tea leaves no front of seedlings to identify. Feng Miao, pekoe revealed that tenderness is good, work or. If the tenderness of raw materials poor, good workmanship, tea is no tip and white hair. But not only from the hair to determine how much tenderness, due to the specific requirements of various tea is not the same, such as excellent peak Longjing is not hairy surface. Furthermore, the hair easy to fake, a lot of artificial make up. Shoots tenderness to make judgments based on more than hair, only suitable for Maofeng, Maojian, needles and other "hair type" tea. Here need to be mentioned is, the most tender fresh leaves, they have an early bud development, one-sided picking buds heart approach is not appropriate. Because the bud growth of heart is the imperfect parts, containing ingredients not comprehensive, especially in low chlorophyll content. It is not a simple pursuit of tenderness and the only tea buds heart.
2.条索
2. cable
条索是各类茶具有的一定外形规格,如炒青条形、珠茶圆形、龙井扁形、红碎茶颗粒形等等。一般长条形茶,看松紧、弯直、壮瘦、圆扁、轻重;圆形茶看颗粒的松紧、匀正、轻重、空实;扁形茶看平整光滑程度和是否符合规格。一般来说,条索紧、身骨重、圆(扁形茶除外)而挺直,说明原料嫩,做工好,品质优;如果外形松、扁(扁形茶除外)、碎,并有烟、焦味,说明原料老,做工差,品质劣。 以杭州地区绿茶条索标准为例: 一级 二级 三级 四级 五级 六级 细紧有锋苗 紧细尚有锋苗 尚紧实 尚紧 稍松 粗松 可见,以紧、实、有锋苗为上。
The cable of tea with a certain form factor, such as roasted bar, gunpowder round, Longjing flat, red tea particles shape and so on. General long strip of tea, watching elastic, bending straight, strong and thin, round flat, light and heavy; round tea and look at elastic particles, Yun Zheng, weight, empty; flat tea is smooth and level and see whether conform to specifications. In general, the cable tight, body weight of bone, round (except for flat tea) and straight, indicating tender raw materials, good workmanship, good quality; if the shape of loose, flat (except for flat tea), broken, and there is smoke, burning, that the old material, poor workmanship, quality. Taking Hangzhou area Green Tea cable standards as an example: a level two level three level Four level five level six level fine tight with Feng Miao tight is Feng Miao is firm is still tight slightly loose coarse and loose to tight, visible, real, Feng Miao for.
3.色泽
3 color
茶叶色泽与原料嫩度、加工技术有密切关系。各种茶均有一定的色泽要求,如红茶乌黑油润、绿茶翠绿、乌龙茶青褐色、黑茶黑油色等。但是无论何种茶类,好茶均要求色泽一致,光泽明亮,油润鲜活,如果色泽不一,深浅不同,暗而无光,说明原料老嫩不一,做工差,品质劣。
There is a close relationship between the tea color and tenderness of raw materials, processing technology. A variety of tea has a certain color requirements, such as black tea black oil, green tea, oolong tea, black tea and brown black oil etc.. But no matter what kind of tea, tea require the same color, luster bright, fresh oil lubrication, if uneven color, different shades, dark without light, soft and not one that the old material, poor workmanship, quality.
茶叶的色泽还和茶树的产地以及季节有很大关系。如高山绿茶,色泽绿而略带黄,鲜活明亮;低山茶或平地茶色泽深绿有光。制茶过程中,由于技术不当,也往往使色泽劣变。 购茶时,应根据具体购买的茶类来判断。比如龙井,最好的狮峰龙井,其明前茶并非翠绿,而是有天然的糙米色,呈嫩黄。这是狮峰龙井的一大特色,在色泽上明显区别于其它龙井。因狮峰龙井卖价奇高,茶农会制造出这种色泽以冒充狮峰龙井。方法是在炒制茶叶过程中稍稍炒过头而使叶色变黄。真假之间的区别是,真狮峰匀称光洁、淡黄嫩绿、茶香中带有清香;假狮峰则角松而空,毛糙,偏黄色,茶香带炒黄豆香。不经多次比较,确实不太容易判断出来。但是一经冲泡,区别就非常明显了。炒制过火的假狮峰,完全没有龙井应 有的馥郁鲜嫩的香味。
The color of tea also has the very big relations with the tea producing area and season. Such as mountain Green Tea, green color and slightly yellow, fresh and bright; low Camellia or ground color dark green light. Tea process, due to improper technique, but also tends to color deterioration. To buy tea, should be judged according to the specific purchase tea. Such as Longjing, the best peak Longjing, its Mingqian tea is not green, but there is a natural brown color was yellow. This is a major feature of the peak Longjing, the color is obviously different from the other Longjing. Because the peak Longjing price high, farmers will produce this kind of color to impersonate the peak Longjing. The method is in the process of frying the tea slightly fried overdone and the leaves turn yellow. Is the difference between true and false, true lion peak symmetry and smooth, yellowish green, with the fragrance of tea; false Lion Peak is the empty corner loose, rough, partial yellow, fragrant tea with fried beans. Not after repeated comparison, really not easy to judge them. But once brewed, the difference is very obvious. The over fried false Lion Peak, Longjing should have no fresh scent fragrance.
4.整碎
4 whole pieces
整碎就是茶叶的外形和断碎程度,以匀整为好,断碎为次。 比较标准的茶叶审评,是将茶叶放在盘中(一般为木质),使茶叶在旋转力的作用下,依形状大小、轻重、粗细、整碎形成有次序的分层。其中粗壮的在最上层,紧细重实的集中于中层,断碎细小的沉积在最下层。各茶类,都以中层茶多为好。上层一般是粗老叶子多,滋味较淡,水色较浅;下层碎茶多,冲泡后往往滋味过浓,汤色较深。
The whole is broken tea shape and the broken degree, with the leveling is better off the pieces for the times. Comparison of the standard of tea, tea leaves are put in the dish (usually wood), so that the tea under the action of the rotating force, according to the shape and size, weight, thickness, whole pieces, sequence of the formation of the layered. Thick on top, tight firm focused on middle and small broken pieces of sediment at the bottom. Various teas, are middle-level tea as well. The upper layer is generally rough and old leaves much lighter taste, color lighter; lower broken tea more often taste too thick after brewing, liquor color darker.
5.净度
5. clarity
主要看茶叶中是否混有茶片、茶梗、茶末、茶籽和制作过程中混入的竹屑、木片、石灰、泥沙等夹杂物的多少。净度好的茶,不含任何夹杂物。此外,还可以通过茶的干香来鉴别。无论哪种茶都不能有异味。每种茶都有特定的香气,干香和湿香也有不同,需根据具体情况来定,青气、烟焦味和熟闷味均不可取。最易判别茶叶质量的,是冲泡之后的口感滋味、香气以及叶片茶汤色泽。所以如果允许,购茶时尽量冲泡后尝试一下。若是特别偏好某种茶,最好查找一些该茶的资料,准确了解其色香味形的特点,每次买到的茶都互相比较一下,这样次数多了,就容易很快掌握关键之 所在了。国内茶叶品种车载斗量,非专业人士,不太可能每种茶都判断出好坏来,也只是取自己喜欢的几种罢了。产地的茶总的来说较纯正,但也由于制茶技艺的差别,使得茶叶质量有高低之分。
Mainly to see whether tea mixed with tea tablets, tea stalk, tea dust, how many tea seed mix and the production process of bamboo shavings, wood chips, lime, sand inclusion. Clarity, good tea, without any inclusions. In addition, you can identify by dry fragrance of the tea. No matter which kind of tea can not smell. Each tea has a specific aroma, dry and wet fragrant incense are also different, according to the specific circumstances, green gas, smoke smell and taste are undesirable cooked nausea. The most likely to determine the quality of tea is brewing after taste, aroma and color of tea leaves. So if allowed, buy as much as possible after brewing tea try. If the preference some tea, some of the best tea to find information, accurate understanding of the characteristics of its color fragrance shape, every time buy tea compare to each other, so more times, it is easy to grasp quickly the key. Domestic tea varieties numerous, non- professionals, is unlikely to each tea judge good or bad, just also take several own love you. Origin of tea in general more purified, but also because the tea skill differences, so that the tea quality is high or low points.

Commonly, tea packing box is also very particular.

If you have some questions, be freely to let me know.

没有评论:

发表评论